What is the sex ratio of male to female regular alcoholic beverage drinkers?
After reading Chapter 5 of Epidemiology for Public Health Practice, complete Study Questions and Exercises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8. This activity is located on pages 274–276. Submit your responses in the form of a Word document.
1. Define the following terms:
· a.crude death rate
· b.age-specific rate
· c.cause-specific rate
· d.proportional mortality ratio (PMR)
· e.maternal mortality rate
· f.infant mortality rate
· g.neonatal mortality rate
· h.fetal death rate and late fetal death rate
· i.fetal death ratio
· j.perinatal mortality rate
· k.postneonatal mortality rate
· l.crude birth rate
· m.general fertility rate
· n.age-adjusted (standardized) rate
· o.direct method of adjustment
· p.indirect method of adjustment
· q.standardized mortality ratio (SMR)
·
2-Using Table 3A–1 , calculate age-specific death rates for the category of malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus, and lung. What inferences can be made from the age-specific death rates for malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus, and lung?
Table 3A–1 Malignant Neoplasms of Trachea, Bronchus, and Lung Deaths by Age Group, United States, 2003
3A
Age (Years) | Population | Malignant Neoplasms of Trachea, Bronchus, and Lung * Deaths |
25–34 | 39,872,598 | 154 |
35–44 | 44,370,594 | 2,478 |
45–54 | 40,804,599 | 12,374 |
55–64 | 27,899,736 | 30,956 |
65–74 | 18,337,044 | 49,386 |
* Includes ICD-10, 1992 codes C33–C34.
Sources: Data are from Hoyert DL, Heron MP, Murphy SL, Kung H. Deaths: Final Data for 2003, National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 54, No 13, p. 30. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2006; and from Heron MP, Smith BL. Deaths: Leading Causes for 2003, National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 55, No 10, p. 92. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2007.
3-Using Table 3A–2 , calculate the following for the United States: the age-specific death rates and age- and sex-specific death rates per 100,000 (for age groups 20–24, 25–34, and 35–44 years). Note that there are nine calculations and answers. For example, the age- and sex-specific death rate for females aged 15–19 years is [(3,889/9,959,789) × 100,000].
Table 3A–2 Mortality by Selected Age Groups, Males and Females, United States, 2003
Males | Females | Total | ||||
Age (Years) | Population | Number of Deaths | Population | Number of Deaths | Population | Number of Deaths |
15–19 | 10,518,680 | 9,706 | 9,959,789 | 3,889 | 20,478,469 | 13,595 |
20–24 | 10,663,922 | 14,964 | 10,063,772 | 5,009 | 20,727,694 | 19,973 |
25–34 | 20,222,486 | 28,602 | 19,650,112 | 12,698 | 39,872,598 | 41,300 |
35–44 | 22,133,659 | 56,435 | 22,236,935 | 33,026 | 44,370,594 | 89,461 |
45–54 | 20,043,656 | 110,682 | 20,760,943 | 66,099 | 40,804,599 | 176,781 |
Sources: Data are from Heron MP, Smith BL. Deaths: Leading Causes for 2003, National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 55, No 10, p. 92. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2007; and from Hoyert DL, Heron MP, Murphy SL, Kung H. Deaths: Final Data for 2003, National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 54, No 13, p. 21. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2006.
4- Refer to both Table 3A-2 and Table 3A–3 . The total population in 2003 was 290,810,789 (males = 143,037,290; females = 147,773,499). For 2003, the total number of live births was 4,089,950.