What would be the best appraisal approach to use in estimating the market value of an athletic stadium?

Which of the following terms refers to the stages that a neighborhood goes through over time?

A.a. Growth cycle

B.b. Revitalization

D.d. Redevelopment

Answer Key: C

Question 2 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The value principle that states that two adjacent parcels of land combined into one larger parcel could have a greater value than the two parcels valued separately is called

A.a. regression.

B.b. anticipation.

D.d. progression.

Answer Key: C

Question 3 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

The period in which property values are generally at their highest is

A.a. growth.

C.c. decline.

D.d. equilibrium.

Question 4 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

The term site refers to

A.a. a legal description of a plot of land.

B.b. land that has been improved.

C.c. raw land with no improvements.

D.d. land within a certain set of boundaries.

Question 5 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The effects of ordinary wear and tear are considered

A.a. physical deterioration.

B.b. functional obsolescence.

C.c. external obsolescence.

D.d. accelerated depreciation.

Question 6 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Functional obsolescence could be caused by which of the following?

A.a. A worn-out roof

B.b. A poor location

C.c. Deferred maintenance

D.d. A ceiling that is too high

Question 7 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A house with four bedrooms and one bathroom is an example of

A.a. physical deterioration.

             B.b. functional obsolescence.   

C.c. external obsolescence.

D.d. incurable physical deterioration.

Question 8 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

An expressway is built near a residential neighborhood resulting in very high traffic noise. This is an example of

A.a. physical deterioration.

B.b. functional obsolescence.

             C.c. external obsolescence.       

D.d. None of the above

Question 9 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The usual pattern of growth, equilibrium and decline may be amplified by

A.a. changes in nearby land use.

B.b. availability of newer property nearby.

C.c. general economic downturn.

             D.d. All of the above     

Question 10 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Which of the following factors would not be important in comparing properties under the sales comparison approach to value?

A.a. Size of lot

B.b. Number of rooms

             C.c. Interior decor          

D.d. Type of construction

Question 11 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Which of the following would not be likely to prevent an arm’s-length transaction?

A.a. Parent sells the family home to one of the children

B.b. Corporation buys its transferred employee’s house

C.c. Pending foreclosure necessitates a sale

             D.d. Owner planning to move up to more expensive house       

Question 12 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Which of the following would normally not require a site to be valued separately from the structures on it?

A.a. Use of the cost approach

             B.b. Use of the sales comparison approach        

C.c. Use of the building residual technique

D.d. Assessment for ad valorem taxation purposes

Question 13 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Residential property in an area rezoned for commercial use is an example of a(n)

A.a. conditional use.

B.b. illegal use.

             C.c. nonconforming use.             

D.d. speculative use.

Question 14 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Land value of an improved property can be found using the

A.a. sales comparison method.

             B.b. allocation method.               

C.c. subdivision development method.

D.d. land development method.

Question 15 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

When a site’s highest and best use is forecast to change in the near future, the present use is considered a(n)

A.a. restricted use.

             B.b. interim use.             

C.c. speculative holding.

D.d. temporary use.

Question 16 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The value of all improvements (less depreciation) is subtracted from total sales price to find land value in the

A.a. sales comparison method.

B.b. allocation method.

             C.c. abstraction method.            

D.d. subdivision development method.

Question 17 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

All probable costs of an improvement and construction are calculated to find land value in the

A.a. sales comparison method.

In B.b. allocation method.

C.c. abstraction method.

D.d. subdivision development method.

Question 18 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Building net income is a consideration in finding land value by the

A.a. sales comparison method.

B.b. allocation method.

C.c. subdivision development method.

             D.d. land residual method.        

Question 19 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

Which statement is true?

A.a. The sales comparison approach is the least reliable method of site valuation.

B.b. There are no basic differences between the data valuation of improved properties and unimproved sites in the sales comparison method.

C.c. Vacant land cannot be valued by the sales comparison method.

In D.d. Adjustments are always applied to the sales price of the subject property, not the value of the comparable property.

Question 20 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The period in which property values generally increase is

             A.a. growth.     

B.b. equilibrium.

C.c. decline.

D.d. transition.

Question 21 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Land value is treated as a proportion of the total value of improved property in the

A.a. sales comparison method.

             B.b. allocation method.               

C.c. subdivision development method.

D.d. land residual method.

Question 22 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Sales of similar vacant sites are analyzed and compared in the

             A.a. sales comparison method.

B.b. allocation method.

C.c. abstraction method.

D.d. All of these

Question 23 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

Using the allocation method, if the ratio of land value to building value is one to three and an improved property is valued at $300,000, land value is

A.a. $150,000.

B.b. $100,000.

C.c. $75,000.

In D.d. None of these

Question 24 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

In appraising a special-purpose building, such as a post office, the most reliable approach to value would generally be the

A.a. sales comparison approach.

B.b. cost approach.

In C.c. income capitalization approach.

D.d. gross income multiplier.

Question 25 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

Widespread use of appraisal report forms has resulted in frequent use of

A.a. square-foot method of calculating reproduction cost.

B.b. unit-in-place method.

In C.c. quantity survey method.

D.d. index method.

Question 26 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

With a present index of 462, an index at time of construction of 220, and an original cost of $145,000, the present cost of a structure using the index method is

A.a. $69,048.

             B.b. $304,500.  

C.c. $319,000.

D.d. $350,900.

Question 27 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

One method used to determine reproduction cost is to estimate the costs of the various components of a structure separately, and then add them together to find the total cost. This is called the

A.a. square-foot method.

             B.b. unit-in-place method.         

C.c. cubic-foot method.

D.d. quantity survey method.

Question 28 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A factor representing the percentage increase in construction costs over time is used in the

A.a. quantity survey method.

B.b. square-foot method.

C.c. unit-in-place method.

             D.d. index method.       

Question 29 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The method that results in the most accurate cost estimate is the

             A.a. quantity survey method.   

B.b. square-foot method.

C.c. unit-in-place method.

D.d. index method.

Question 30 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A federally related transaction is

A.a. any transaction involving the sale of real estate.

             B.b. a transaction in which a federal financial institution is involved.       

C.c. a federally insured transaction.

D.d. all transactions above $1 million in value.

Question 31 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Which standard of USPAP deals with review appraisals?

A.a. Standard 1

B.b. Standard 2

             C.c. Standard 3

D.d. Standard 4

Question 32 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

An appraiser should be

A.a. a party to a transaction.

             B.b. objective. 

C.c. consulted only in sales transactions.

D.d. compensated based on the determined value of the property.

Question 33 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The extension of some improvement, such as a fence, across the legal boundary of an adjoining parcel of land is referred to as

A.a. a special limitation.

             B.b. an encroachment.

C.c. an easement.

D.d. eminent domain.

Question 34 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Under a quitclaim deed

             A.a. the grantor transfers whatever interests he or she may have in the property without making any claims of having any interest or ownership.      

B.b. the grantor personally guarantees the title.

C.c. the grantor does not guarantee title but states that he or she has an interest in the property.

D.d. the grantor warrants that he or she has not previously conveyed the property and has placed no undisclosed encumbrances against the property.

Question 35 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Which principle best describes the effect of an international airport on the value of a nearby residential subdivision?

A.a. Conformity

             B.b. Externalities            

C.c. Contribution

D.d. Highest and best use

Question 36 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A highest and best use study will always value

A.a. present improvements, with no feasible change.

B.b. land without improvements.

C.c. improvements alone.

             D.d. the property's most profitable permitted use.        

Question 37 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

In the sales comparison approach, adjustments are made to the sales price(s) of

A.a. comparable properties only.

In B.b. the subject property only.

C.c. only the comparable most like the subject.

D.d. both the subject and comparables.

Question 38 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Vacant land would probably be valued using the

             A.a. sales comparison approach.             

B.b. gross rent multiplier method.

C.c. cost approach.

D.d. income capitalization approach.

Question 39 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The measure of the effectiveness of insulation is its

A.a. heating capacity.

B.b. BTUs.

             C.c. R-value.     

D.d. grade.

Question 40 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A two-story house benefits economically because

A.a. plumbing can be lined up.

B.b. heated air rises.

C.c. less ground area is required.

             D.d. All of the above     

Question 41 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

A rectangular-shaped building that is 35 feet wide and 55 feet long has a perimeter of

A.a. 180 feet.

In B.b. 180 square feet.

C.c. 1,925 feet.

D.d. 1,925 square feet.

Question 42 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

In the U.S. government survey system, a one-square-mile area, or 640 acres, is referred to as a

In A.a. township.

B.b. tract.

C.c. section.

D.d. block.

Question 43 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The value of 100 acres of land best suited for high-density residential use may be found using the

A.a. cost approach.

B.b. income capitalization approach.

             C.c. subdivision development method.

D.d. gross rent multiplier method.

Question 44 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

A property use (as opposed to a building specification) contrary to local zoning regulations would require which of the following?

A.a. Variance

B.b. Special building permit

C.c. Dezoning

             D.d. Conditional-use permit      

Question 45 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Varying financing terms may be compensated for when considering comparable properties by using the

A.a. cost approach.

B.b. income capitalization approach.

             C.c. cash equivalency technique.            

D.d. cash flow method.

Question 46 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The ratio of building value to land value is approximately 4 to 1. What is the land value of a property valued at $200,000, using the allocation method?

A.a. $50,000

B.b. $100,000

C.c. $66,667

             D.d. $40,000     

Question 47 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

All property is influenced by the principle of

A.a. anticipation.

B.b. substitution.

             C.c. change.      

D.d. conformity.

Question 48 of 50

0.0/ 2.0 Points

Depreciation is most important to an appraiser using the

A.a. sales comparison approach.

B.b. gross rent multiplier method.

In C.c. income capitalization approach.

D.d. cost approach.

Question 49 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

The highest and best use of real estate is its

A.a. most profitable use, without other considerations.

B.b. most environmentally sound use.

C.c. present use, unless its improvements have reached the end of their useful life.

             D.d. most profitable legally and physically permitted use.           

Question 50 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

What would be the best appraisal approach to use in estimating the market value of an athletic stadium?

A.a. Sales comparison

             B.b. Cost            

C.c. Direct capitalization

D.d. Yield capitalization

1.Which action would a hospital administrator take to meet the cultural and linguistic needs of Spanish-speaking community members? a. Hire health care professionals from different Spanish-speaking countries. b. Ensure that all health care workers speak Spanish. c. Ensure that all signage is posted in Spanish as well as English. d. Ensure health services are in varying locations

  1. Which action would a hospital administrator take to meet the cultural and linguistic needs of Spanish-speaking community members? a. Hire health care professionals from different Spanish-speaking countries. b. Ensure that all health care workers speak Spanish. c. Ensure that all signage is posted in Spanish as well as English. d. Ensure health services are in varying locations.
  2. On which criterion would the Human Resources manager focus when identifying interpreters to support the care of patients with limited English proficiency? a. Be of the same ethnic background of the patients b. Availability of family members c. Proficient in health language terminology d. Be on 24-hour call
  3. a. Ensure grievances are resolved b. Plan and implement culturally and linguistically appropriate services c. Plan for culturally appropriate continuing education for the staff d. Develop partnerships with community members
  4. During an assessment, the nurse asks the patient to describe her current health status. In what context will the patient most likely explain her health? a. Diagnosis b. Personal experience c. Cost d. Impact on family
  5. The nurse desires to become more culturally competent when providing care to patients from non-English-speaking cultures. Which action would the nurse take to achieve this self- expectation? a. Attend a festival from a different culture. b. Find a seminar on cultural competence. c. Talk to people from different cultures. d. Commit to a time-consuming journey.
  6. The staff development educator is analyzing ways to incorporate cultural competency concepts in continuing education programs. How will the educator explain the concept of cultural competency to staff? a. Philosophy b. Condition c. Theory d. Fad
  7. A patient from a non-English-speaking culture comes into the health clinic seeking care. The nurse is unable to determine the patient’s primary language. What should the nurse do? a. Ask for help to determine the patient’s€primary language. b. Encourage the patient to seek care elsewhere. c. Notify Security. d. Contact a homeless shelter.
  8. The nurse is planning care to address health care needs for a non-English-speaking patient and family. What would the nurse use as a guide for this care? a. Nursing textbook b. Standardized care plan c. Checklist d. Care map
  9. A patient’s parish priest arrives to the care area to visit the patient and provide communion. What impact does the priest’s visit have on the patient’s health? a. Reinforces distinctiveness b. Reinforces acculturation c. Offers support and provides positive expectation d. Reinforce assimilation
  10. An older patient tells the nurse about being born in a different country and having visited the home country many times throughout the years. The nurse realizes that the patient is explaining which aspect of culture? a. Acculturation b. Religious preference c. Socialization d. Heritage consistency
  11. A group of nurses talking are overheard using jargon that is consistent with the nursing profession. Which behavior are the nurses demonstrating? a. Heritage consistency b. Ethnicity c. Acculturation d. Socialization
  12. A seminal event in the boomer generation that can still elicit comments today is the question: a. “Do you remember Pearl Harbor?” b. “Where were you when John F. Kennedy was shot?”€ c. “What were you doing on September 11, 2001?” d. “How did the Challenger tragedy affect you?”
  13. A patient from a different culture tells the nurse about eating specific foods during pregnancy and after childbirth to ensure a healthy mother and infant. Which cultural phenomena does this behavior exemplify? a. Environmental control b. Social organization c. Time orientation d. Biological variation
  14. Why does the nurse stop and think before implementing touch when providing care to a patient from a different culture? a. Impacts time orientation b. Influences environmental control c. Influences the patient’s personal space d. Alters social organization
  15. Prior to caring for a Native American patient, the nurse reviews the diseases that are more prevalent in this culture. What is the nurse taking into consideration when caring for this patient? a. Biological variation b. Environmental control c. Social organization pattern d. Component of heritage consistency
  16. The nurse learns that a patient from a different culture does not know the names of the people who are candidates running in the next general election. What assumption can be made about this assessment finding? a. The patient cannot read. b. The patient is heritage consistent. c. The patient is hard of hearing. d. The patient does not have a high school education.
  17. While completing demographics for a new admission, the nurse notes that there are separate categories for race and Hispanic origin. What influenced this change to occur in demographic data reporting? a. Better differentiates categories within the African-American group b. The number of people identified as non-White was increasing out of proportion to the population. c. Identifies which health plans the patient is eligible to enroll in d. Federal guidelines written in 1997 separated race and Hispanic origin as two separate concepts.
  18. While shifts in the population profile are occurring, what is an important consideration to address in health care? a. Cultural health needs of varying groups must be considered. b. Health care needs to be streamlined for consistent care delivery. c. More physicians need to be trained to deliver health care. d. Health care providers need to be younger to care for an aging population.
  19. Between the 2000 Census and 2010 Census, what is the most notable statistic about the total United States population? a. The population age shift moved towards 18 years and younger. b. The Asian population increased to become the second-largest minority group in the United States. c. The U.S. population was over 308 million in 2010. d. The population shift went from a White majority to White minority status.
  20. According to the 2010 Census, 40.3 million people are aged 65 and over. What are the long-term implications for the health of this group? a. Providing health care that is focused on gerontological needs b. Developing medications to prolong life at any cost c. Providing health insurance for all age groups d. Developing systems to provide health care only to those older citizens who remain healthy
  21. Which criterion limits access to health care? a. Employment opportunities b. No public transportation c. Transition programs for newly arrived legal residents d. Advocacy groups for immigrants
  22. Why would a patient who has a higher income generally have better health outcomes? a. Have better access to health care b. Have better job skills c. Can afford private transportation d. Can afford private insurance
  23. A patient tells the nurse that she lives in Section 8 housing. The nurse realizes that eligibility for this program is determined by: a. Employment history b. Family size c. Geographic address d. Low-income guidelines
  24. Which definition of health would the nurse most likely use when assessing a patient’s thinking about health? a. Having a harmonious, balanced relationship with nature b. Not having any discernible illness or disease c. Being in a state of physical, mental, and social well-being d. The ability to get up and go to work each day
  25. Which statement exemplifies how a nursing student views health? a. Must share the client’s views of health and illness b. Forces clients to accept the medical definitions of health c. Entered the health care profession with a culturally based concept of health d. Accepts the prevailing definition of health and applies it to individual clients
  26. A group of health care providers are attempting to define health. What can occur during this discussion? a. Terms and meanings may be challenged b. Categories of health will be listed c. Ambiguity will be resolved d. Achieves a full acceptance by all parties
  27. For many people, health and illness are opposites which can make them view health as which of the following: a. A state of physical fitness b. Freedom from evil that causes illness c. A state of emotional ambiguity d. The reward for a productive life
  28. Why would health care providers refer to Healthy People 2020 when providing patient care? a. It is mandated legislation that will result in a healthier population by 2020. b. It supports health policies that provide monetary incentives to states who reach the benchmark goals. c. It serves as a monitoring system that evaluates the health of all citizens. d. It provides a plan to continue to improve the health of everyone in the United States.
  29. A patient has a family history of cardiac disease and has maintained lifestyle changes as a preventive measure. Within the overall perspective of perceived susceptibility, what is this patient demonstrating? a. Perceived benefits b. Perceived seriousness c. Taking action d. Changing modifying factors
  30. The nurse determines that a patient is in the onset stage of an illness. What did the nurse observe in the patient? a. The first symptoms of a given problem are experienced. b. There is a gradual resumption of normal roles and activities. c. The sick role becomes that of being a patient. d. The disease is identified and socially sanctioned.
  31. Which action do most people take when experiencing a mild illness? a. Rely on self-treatment or do nothing. b. Ingest herbs specific to how they are feeling. c. Consult a local faith healer. d. Immediately seek medical attention.
  32. How would the nurse explain alternative medical traditions to a patient? a. For use in concert with other aspects of health care b. Outside of the realm of a person’s cultural heritage medical tradition c. An essential component of a cultural heritage medical tradition d. Traditional methods of health care
  33. Which actions would the nurse categorize as traditional mental health maintenance? a. Wearing head covering in the cold to preserve head warmth b. Avoiding physically demanding hobbies c. Using medications to preserve chemical balance in the brain d. Activities to concentrate and stimulate the mind
  34. While assessing a patient from the Jewish culture, the nurse learns that the patient believes that an illness is being caused by another soul. What is this health belief considered? a. Dybbuk b. Kayn aynhoreh c. Szatan d. Aberglobin
  35. During an assessment, a patient tells the nurse, “An onion a day keeps everyone away.”€ How does this philosophy protect health? a. Recognizes the special antibiotic properties contained within onions b. Affirms the belief in the power of onions to prevent disease c. Protects the person from coming in contact with those who might be ill d. Advertises that onions have special healing abilities
  36. Which patient statement reflects a spiritual belief that defines illness? a. “It is a necessary part of my religious culture.” b. “I am being punished for breaking a religious code.” c. “I failed to wear special amulets to ward it off.” d. “I am sick because I violated dietary practices.”
  37. What is an advantage of using complementary medicine for treatment of an illness? a. Complementary medicine is never used with allopathic medicine. b. Complementary medicine replaces allopathic medicine as a primary form of treatment. c. Complementary medicine lessens a patient’s discomfort with allopathic treatments. d. Complementary medicine can be used with allopathic medicine.
  38. Why would the nurse assess a patient’s religion when completing the health history process? a. Religion plays a role in the perception of health and illness b. Helps explain recreational habits c. Provides information about the patient’s geographic location d. Explains nutritional preferences
  39. Which action would the nurse take when assessing the impact of religion, culture, and ethnicity on a patient’s illness? a. Recognize that certain ethnic groups practice the same religion. b. Recognize that all members of an ethnic group will follow the same dietary practices. c. Recognize that religious preferences may differ between members of an ethnic group. d. Recognize that certain ethnic groups always practice the same cultural rituals.
  40. The nurse overhears a patient ask a family member to bring the Lourdes water to the hospital. The nurse recalls that this water is believed to cure which health problem? a. Being bedridden b. Blindness c. Bodily ills d. Deafness
  41. A family member tells a patient with terminal cancer not to worry since special prayers have been said in church. To which saint is prayed for help with cancer? a. St. Peregrine b. St. Odilia c. St. Francis de Sales d. St. Raymond Nonnatus
  42. What would be alternative treatment modalities used during an illness? a. Strict adherence to the prescribed medical regimen b. Willingness to seek a second medical opinion c. Refusal to allow any medical treatment to be performed d. Consultation of a healer outside the medical establishment

Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?

PHIL 201 quiz 5 (All Correct answers) A+ Rated

(Set:1)

Question 1

Your noetic structure concerns only those beliefs that are actually true.

Question 2

The motivation behind internalism is:

Question 3

David Hume was a:

Question 4

A major criticism that internalism raises against externalism is:

Question 5

Noetic structure refers to:

Question 6

Intellectual virtue is best described as:

Question 7

The intellectual virtue of humility can be described as the mean between:

Question 8

Epistemic humility means the same thing that it means when applied to moral issues and questions.

Question 9

Virtue epistemology generally focuses on being intellectually virtuous as opposed to being absolutely certain.

Question 10

Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?

Question 11

If Robert thinks that the only way in this world for a person to know whether God exists is to have some kind of sensory experience of God, along with an active mind that is able to process, structure and arrange ones experiences in a way that makes sense to him, then Robert would be following Kant in thinking that:

Question 12

According to externalism, there is really no way to test if one’s memories are reliable, but, in the absence of defeaters, one is reasonable in holding that they are. True or false?

Question 13

When Descartes employs systematic doubt against the beliefs he holds, he discovers that:

Question 14

What is the point of Descartes’ evil demon argument?

Question 15

Among some of the reasons why unmitigated skepticism is difficult for a person to consistently hold as a serious philosophical position is because

Question 16

Suppose a person is deeply concerned about whether her belief in God is rational. In order to make this determination, she reflects on the kind of evidence she thinks she has for God’s existence (e.g., the apparent design and beauty of the universe, the existence of other sentient beings, the almost universal acceptance of some degree of objective morality, etc.). In light of her awareness of, and access to, this potential evidence, she would be considered:

Question 17

Select the one below that does NOT belong : The justification of one’s beliefs is a matter that deals with.

Question 18

The virtue of studiousness does not take into account the proper motives for seeking knowledge. True of false?

Question 19

Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to evidentialis

Question 20

If an individual is an externalist in terms of epistemic warrant, then that person thinks that

(Set:2)

Question 1

By “high accessibility requirements” the internalist means:

Question 2

The view in which the basing relationship between beliefs is deductive:

Question 3

Rene Descartes was a:

Question 4

According to externalism one must be aware of whether his cognitive processes are functioning properly or not.

Question 5

Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

Question 6

For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.

Question 7

Thomas Aquinas thought that moral and intellectual virtues were closely related.

Question 8

The virtue of studiousness does not take into account the proper kinds of motives for seeking knowledge.

Question 9

Vices might be described as characteristics that are destructive in nature.

Question 10

Discussions of vice and virtues tend to arise within which major area of philosophy?

Question 11

What is the point of Descartes’ evil demon argument?

Question 12

According to Dew and Foreman, most rational people believe that it is extremely rarely for our senses to mislead us.

Question 13

To suggest that we should suspend all judgments about any claim to knowledge, is to suggest a softer and mitigated form of skepticism in contrast to its more unmitigated expressions.

Question 14

When Larry claims definitely and dogmatically that he knows we cannot know anything at all, he is expressing:

Question 15

Among some of the reasons why unmitigated skepticism is difficult for a person to consistently hold as a serious philosophical position is because

Question 16

Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighborhood fitting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.

Question 17

While Clifford’s form of evidentialism may have its difficulties, most contemporary epistemologists agree that it is, at the very least, not a selfdefeating position, and this is part of what makes it a good option for epistemic justification.

Question 18

Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to evidentialism

Question 19

My belief is a justified belief if and only if it is, in fact, a true belief.

Question 20

Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

(Set:3)

• Question 1 3 out of 3 points

The areas on knowledge that Descartes doubted include:

• Question 2 3 out of 3 points

According to externalism one must be aware of whether his cognitive processes are functioning properly or not.

• Question 3 3 out of 3 points

Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

• Question 4 3 out of 3 points

The answers to the skeptical challenge suggested in the pointecast presentation include:

• Question 5 3 out of 3 points

Noetic structure refers to:

• Question 6 3 out of 3 points

Humility helps us fight against intellectual vices like pride and vanity that keep us from seeing the truth.

• Question 7 3 out of 3 points

Carefulness is an intellectual virtue that helps us:

• Question 8 3 out of 3 points

For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.

• Question 9 3 out of 3 points

The intellectual virtue of humility can be described as the mean between:

• Question 10 3 out of 3 points

Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?

• Question 11 3 out of 3 points

Hume thinks that, while we may assume connections of causality (i.e., every event has a cause), we never actually perceive a necessary connection of causality and therefore we cannot know a causal connection has actually occurred.

• Question 12 3 out of 3 points

If skepticism is an indefensible philosophical position to hold, then by the process of elimination, epistemic certainty is the only reasonable alternative.

• Question 13 3 out of 3 points

One of the factors that fuels skepticism is our inability to demonstrate epistemic certainty about many of the beliefs we think are true.

• Question 14 3 out of 3 points

It is a commonly accepted fact that it is impossible to be certain about any belief

• Question 15 3 out of 3 points

Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

• Question 16 3 out of 3 points

Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighbourhood fitting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.

• Question 17

If a person thinks she has a moral responsibility to determine that any belief she holds is based on sufficient evidence, that is, evidence that strikes her as being based on indisputably good reasons or arguments, she is likely representing the epistemological position of

• Question 18

The problem with W. K. Clifford’s statement “It is wrong always, everywhere and

for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence” is that:

• Question 19

When Larry claims definitely and dogmatically that he knows we cannot know anything at all, he is expressing:

• Question 20

Vices might be described as characteristics that are destructive in nature.

(Set: 4)

Question 1

Christopher Columbus was convinced that he discovered a route to the East Indies because it lined up with his maps and the current beliefs of his day. However, he was wrong. This example demonstrates a problem with:

Question 2

Noetic structure refers to:

Question 3

The doxastic assumption is:

Question 4

According to externalism one must be aware of whether his cognitive processes are functioning properly or not.

Question 5

The areas on knowledge that Descartes doubted include:

Question 6

Discussions of vice and virtues tend to arise within which major area of philosophy?

Question 7

Vices might be described as characteristics that are destructive in nature.

Question 8

Intellectual virtue is best described as:

Question 9

Thomas Aquinas thought that moral and intellectual virtues were closely related.

Question 10

Being intellectually virtuous helps us to avoid common mistakes in our thinking that keeps us from knowledge.

Question 11

When the used car salesman tells Steve that the particular car he is considering purchasing has less than fifteen thousand actual miles on it, Steve is, quite naturally, a bit skeptical about this claim, particularly since the car is over ten years old and looks a little worse for wear. In exhibiting this level of doubt, Steve is expressing:

Question 12

When Descartes employs systematic doubt against the beliefs he holds, he discovers that:

Question 13

According to Dew and Foreman, most rational people believe that it is extremely rarely for our senses to mislead us.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT commonly given by philosophers as a reason for adopting some form of skepticism:

Question 15

To say that it is impossible to have knowledge is itself a claim to knowledge, and is for that reason a selfdefeating assertion.

Question 16

Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to evidential ism

Question 17

Externalism in epistemology is an approach to rationality which argues that

Question 18

While Clifford’s form of evidentialism may have its difficulties, most contemporary epistemologists agree that it is, at the very least, not a selfdefeating position, and this is part of what makes it a good option for epistemic justification.

Question 19

Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighborhood fitting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.

Question 20

Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

(Set: 5)

Question 1

When considering our noetic structure we recognize that we hold beliefs in varying degrees of strength.

Question 2

The motivation behind externalism is:

Question 3

Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

Question 4

According to externalism one must be aware of whether his cognitive processes are functioning properly or not.

Question 5

The view in which the basing relationship between beliefs is deductive:

Question 6

Intellectual virtue is best described as:

Question 7

Aristotle thought that the virtues are present naturally in all people.

Question 8

The intellectual virtue of humility can be described as the mean between:

Question 9

Vices might be described as characteristics that are destructive in nature.

Question 10

Discussions of vice and virtues tend to arise within which major area of philosophy?

Question 11

When Larry claims definitely and dogmatically that he knows we cannot know anything at all, he is expressing:

Question 12

According to Dew and Foreman, most rational people believe that it is extremely rarely for our senses to mislead us.

Question 13

One of the factors that fuels skepticism is our inability to demonstrate epistemic certainty about many of the beliefs we think are true.

Question 14

If skepticism is an indefensible philosophical position to hold, then by the process of elimination, epistemic certainty is the only reasonable alternative.

Question 15

Robert is a scientist who firmly believes in empirical truths and the physical laws of causality (e.g. when he builds a fire in his fireplace, it will produce heat), but he expresses serious reservations about the rational credibility of whether there are objective moral virtues, such as goodness, or whether such a being as the traditional God of theism does in fact exist. In such a case, Robert is expressing a form of

Question 16

Coherentism in epistemology is a position which holds that a particular belief is justified for a person so long as that belief is consistent with everything else that person holds to be true.

Question 17

Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

Question 18

Suppose a person is deeply concerned about whether her belief in God is rational. In order to make this determination, she reflects on the kind of evidence she thinks she has for God’s existence (e.g., the apparent design and beauty of the universe, the existence of other sentient beings, the almost universal acceptance of some degree of objective morality, etc.). In light of her awareness of, and access to, this potential evidence, she would be considered:

Question 19

If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he thinks is the apparent design and fine-tuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has

Question 20

Coherentism is a position in epistemic justification which holds that

(Set:6)

Question 1 3 out of 3 points

According to externalism one must be aware of whether his cognitive processes are functioning properly or not.

Question 2 3 out of 3 points

Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

Question 3 3 out of 3 polnts

The motivation behind internal ism is:

Question 4 3 out of 3 points

The motivation behind externalism is:

Question 5 3 out of 3 points

The answers to the skeptical challenge suggested in the pointecast presentation include:

Question 6 3 out of 3 polnts

Aristotle said that virtue is the “mean between two vices, one of excess and one of deficiency.”

Question 7 3 out of 3 points

Carefulness is an intellectual virtue that helps us:

Question 8 3 out of 3 points

Virtue epistemologists think that intellectual virtues might helps us with the Gettier problem by:

Question 9 3 out of 3 points

Aristotle’s notion of happiness focused on:

Question 10 3 out of 3 points

The intellectual virtue of studiousness leads one to seek knowledge with the right kind of motives and desires.

Question 11 3 out of 3 points

When Descartes employs systematic doubt against the beliefs he holds, he discovers that:

Question 12 3 out of 3 points

Rather than having certainty about our beliefs, it is more likely that we have varying degrees of rational support for our beliefs.

Question 13 3 out of 3 points

One reason why certainty in knowledge is not likely a reasonable alternative to unmitigated scepticism is because

Question 14 3 out of 3 points

Among some of the reasons why unmitigated skepticism is difficult for a person to consistently hold as a serious philosophical position is because

Question 15 3 out of 3 points

Sextus Empiricus adopted a version of Pyhrro’s skepticism mainly because he believed that

Question 16 3 out of 3 points

While Clifford’s form of evidential ism may have its difficulties, most contemporary epistemologists agree that it is, at the very least, not a selfdefeating position, and this is part of what makes it a good option for epistemic justification.

Question 17 3 out of 3 points

If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he thinks is the apparent design and finetuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has

Question 18

Coherentism is a position in epistemic justification which holds that

Question 19

Select the one below that does NOT belong: The justification of one’s beliefs is a matter that deals with

Question 20 3 out of 3 points

Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighborhood fitting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.

(Set:7)

Question 1 The areas on knowledge that Descartes doubted include:

Question 2 Clifford was a:

Question 3

Karen says she doesn’t believe that you can ever have real knowledge. When asked if

she claims to know that as a fact, she says no, but she believes that is the case. What category would you place her in:

Question 4 A major criticism that internal ism raises against externalism is:

Question 5 David Hume was a:

Question 6 Thomas Aquinas thought that moral and intellectual virtues were closely related.

Question 7 For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.

Question 8 Intellectual courage helps us to:

Question 9 Being intellectually virtuous helps us to avoid common mistakes in our thinking that keeps us from knowledge.

Question 10 Aristotle thought that the virtues are present naturally in all people.

Question 11 If skepticism is an indefensible philosophical position to hold, then by the process of elimination, epistemic certainty is the only reasonable alternative.

Question 12 Robert is a scientist who firmly believes in empirical truths and the physical laws of causality (e.g. when he builds a fire in his fireplace, it will produce heat), but he expresses serious reservations about the rational credibility of whether there are objective moral virtues, such as goodness, or whether such a being as the traditional God of theism does in fact exist. In such a case, Robert is expressing a form of

Question 13 To suggest that we should suspend all judgments about any claim to knowledge, is to suggest a softer and mitigated form of skepticism in contrast to its more unmitigated

expressions.

Question 14 When Descartes employs systematic doubt against the beliefs he holds, he discovers that:

Question 15 Among some of the reasons why unmitigated skepticism is difficult for a person to consistently hold as a serious philosophical position is because

Question 16 If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he thinks is the apparent design and finetuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has

Question 17 If an individual is an externalist in terms of epistemic warrant, then that person thinks that

Question 18 Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to

evidential ism

Question 19 Ginger believes that the dog she sees in her neighbor’s back yard is her own Labrador Retriever named Sam. Since there are no other Labrador Retrievers in the neighbourhood fitting the same description as Sam, and since the dog Ginger sees in her neighbor’s yard seems to recognize Ginger’s voice when she calls out to it, Ginger quite naturally believes the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is her dog Sam. It turns out, however, that the dog in her neighbor’s back yard is in fact not Ginger’s dog but the Labrador of a visiting relative of her neighbor. On an internalist account of justification, since it turns out not to be true that Ginger saw her dog Sam in her neighbor’s back yard, Ginger was not justified in believing it was her own dog in the first place.

Question 20 While Clifford’s form of evidential ism may have its difficulties, most contemporary epistemologists agree that it is, at the very least, not a selfdefeating position, and this is part of what makes it a good option for epistemic justification.

(Set:8)

Question 1 Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

Question 2 A major criticism that internal ism raises against externalism is:

Question 3 Clifford was a:

Question 4 When considering our noetic structure we recognize that we hold beliefs in varying degrees of strength.

Question 5 To say that a belief is defeasible is to say;

Question 6 The intellectual virtue of humility can be described as the mean between:

Question 7 For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.

Question 8 Aristotle thought that the virtues are present naturally in all people.

Question 9 Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?

Question 10 Being intellectually virtuous helps us to avoid common mistakes in our thinking that keeps us from knowledge.

Question 11 Rather than having certainty about our beliefs, it is more likely that we have varying degrees of rational support for our beliefs.

Question 12 According to Dew and Foreman, most rational people believe that it is extremely rarely for our senses to mislead us.

Question 13 When the used car salesman tells Steve that the particular car he is considering

purchasing has less than fifteen thousand actual miles on it, Steve is, quite naturally, a bit

skeptical about this claim, particularly since the car is over ten years old and looks a little worse for wear. In exhibiting this level of doubt, Steve is expressing:

Question 14 Hume thinks that, while we may assume connections of causality (i.e., every event has a cause), we never actually perceive a necessary connection of causality and therefore we cannot know a causal connection has actually occurred.

Question 15 One of the factors that fuels skepticism is our inability to demonstrate epistemic

certainty about many of the beliefs we think are true.

Question 16 Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to

evidential ism

Question 17 Coherentism in epistemology is a position which holds that a particular belief is

justified for a person so long as that belief is consistent with everything else that person holds to be true.

Question 18 If an individual is an externalist in terms of epistemic warrant, then that person thinks that

Question 19 Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

Question 20 According to reliabilism, in order for a person’s belief to be rational, that person

must at least:

(Set:9)

Question 1 Christopher Columbus was convinced that he discovered a route to the East Indies because it lined up with his maps and the current beliefs of his day. However, he was wrong. This example demonstrates a problem with:

Question 2 The doxastic assumption is:

Question 3 When considering our noetic structure we recognize that we hold beliefs in varying degrees of strength.

Question 4 By “high accessibility requirements” the internalist means:

Question 5 The areas on knowledge that Descartes doubted include:

Question 6 Intellectual courage helps us to:

Question 7

Your noetic structure concerns only those beliefs that are actually true. True or false?

Question 8 Carefulness is an intellectual virtue that helps us:

Question 9 Discussions of vice and virtues tend to arise within which major area of philosophy?

Question 10 For Aristotle, the “Golden Mean” points to fixed and universal ethical norms for all people to follow.

Question 11 One of the factors that fuels skepticism is our inability to demonstrate epistemic

certainty about many of the beliefs we think are true.

Question 12 If Robert thinks that the only way in this world for a person to know whether God exists is to have some kind of sensory experience of God, along with an active mind that is able to process, structure and arrange ones experiences in a way that makes sense to him, then Robert would be following Kant in thinking that:

Question 13 Rather than having certainty about our beliefs, it is more likely that we have varying degrees of rational support for our beliefs.

Question 14 Hume thinks that, while we may assume connections of causality (i.e., every event has a cause), we never actually perceive a necessary connection of causality and therefore we cannot know a causal connection has actually occurred.

Question 15 When Descartes employs systematic doubt against the beliefs he holds, he discovers that:

Question 16 According to reliabilism, in order for a person’s belief to be rational, that person

must at least:

Question 17 If an individual is an externalist in terms of epistemic warrant, then that person thinks that

Question 18 Select the one below that does NOT belong: To suggest that a person’s approach to justification is internalist is to suggest that

Question 19 Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to

evidential ism

Question 20 It is a commonly accepted fact that it is impossible to be certain about any belief

(Set:10)

Question 1 By “high accessibility requirements” the internalist means:

Question 2 To say that a belief is defeasible is to say;

Question 3 Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.

Question 4 David Hume was a:

Question 5 The doxastic assumption is:

Question 6 Thomas Aquinas thought that moral and intellectual virtues were closely related.

Question 7 Aristotle’s notion of happiness focused on:

Question 8 Humility helps us fight against intellectual vices like pride and vanity that keep us from seeing the truth.

Question 9 Being intellectually virtuous helps us to avoid common mistakes in our thinking that keeps us from knowledge.

Question 10 Virtue epistemologists think that intellectual virtues might helps us with the Gettier problem by:

Question 11 To suggest that we should suspend all judgments about any claim to knowledge, is to suggest a softer and mitigated form of skepticism in contrast to its more unmitigated expressions.

Question 12 Rather than having certainty about our beliefs, it is more likely that we have varying degrees of rational support for our beliefs.

Question 13 When the used car salesman tells Steve that the particular car he is considering purchasing has less than fifteen thousand actual miles on it, Steve is, quite naturally, a bit skeptical about this claim, particularly since the car is over ten years old and looks a little worse for wear. In exhibiting this level of doubt, Steve is expressing:

Question 14 If skepticism is an indefensible philosophical position to hold, then by the process of elimination, epistemic certainty is the only reasonable alternative.

Question 15 What is the point of Descartes’ evil demon argument?

Question 16 Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.

Question 17 If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he thinks is the apparent design and finetuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has

Question 18

If a person thinks she has a moral responsibility to determine that any belief she

holds is based on sufficient evidence, that is, evidence that strikes her as being based on

indisputably good reasons or arguments, she is likely representing the epistemological position of

Question 19

Which is not one of the ways that Wood says moral and intellectual virtues parallel each other?

Question 20

According to Dew and Foreman, most rational people believe that it is extremely rarely for our senses to mislead us.

Phil/201 Quiz Five

As a leader, it is important to not only understand what common biases are, but to also have the self-awareness to understand those that they possess. Only through this self-awareness can a leader minimize errors in the decision-making process. What could be the result if self-awareness is not attained?

1.As a leader, it is important to not only understand what common biases are, but to also have the self-awareness to understand those that they possess. Only through this self-awareness can a leader minimize errors in the decision-making process. What could be the result if self-awareness is not attained?

2.Decision making must be balanced, taking into consideration both short-term and long-term business outcomes. Explain how common biases, bounded awareness, emotions and motivation affect the decision-making process.

3.What ethical factors should be taken into consideration when making a decision?

4.Ethics can be considered as doing the right thing. How do you believe ethical standards in multi-national corporations should be adjusted for the diverse cultures the organization works within?

What is the goal of the government entity?

The Constitution created a government to take on important responsibilities, which necessitated the creation of departments, bureaus, and agencies (the bureaucracy).  Consider your own experiences and reflect on the textbook to offer a strength and a weakness of a federal bureaucracy entity as it exists today.  Be specific with your examples.  Consider the following questions in your post: 

 What is the goal of the government entity?  What causes it to succeed or fail?  What changes might you make so that it is more successful? 

Directions

What is a strength of a bureaucracy you have encountered or learned about?  What is a weakness or bad experience you have encountered or learned about?
You’ll need to write at least two “meaty” paragraphs, one paragraph for the strength, and one paragraph for the weakness. That makes two. 🙂 Please make sure to spell check and proof read. Grammar matters.
Each of your examples should be briefly explained with a few sentences that form a complete paragraph. Bullet point lists do not work here. You must use the textbook materials but please refer to current event media sources to add context to your examples.  You need to properly cite all of your resources using a scholarly resource method, like Turabian, MLA, APA, or Chicago.

Explain why the unification of Germany into one country proved to be more of a burden to the German people than expected.

Unifying separate countries offers varied unique opportunities for growth but also gives way to complex challenges. 

Write a one page paper explaining why the unification of Germany into one country (combining East and West Germany) proved to be more of a burden to the German people than expected. 

How have the frequent shifts from civilian to military rule and back again exacerbated Nigeria’s social and economic problems

Nigeria in West Africa. Answer the question: “How have the frequent shifts from civilian to military rule and back again exacerbated Nigeria’s social and economic problems? What direction do you feel Nigeria should take in the future? Explain.”

Write a thesis and outline for a research paper using the above questions as a guideline.

Examine what the different branches and layers of government do to address a policy using a current issue

An important purpose of this assignment is to examine what the different branches and layers of government do to address a policy using a current issue to illustrate it.

Complete a research essay on the government and national security. Remember this is being written for the president to read. 

Here are the aspects and questions to address for this essay:

  1. Identify a current issue being debated about American national security.
  2. Explain two competing solutions to this problem.
  3. Evaluate which one is preferable.
  4. Address the responsibilities of each level of government, which are federal, state, and local. (Most of the essay will be about the federal government).
  5. Address the responsibilities of each of the three branches of the federal government.

REQUIREMENTS:

  • 500 word minimum and 600 word maximum length, not including references listed at the end or footnotes if used.
  • Incorporation of concepts and terms from the required readings.
  • Inclusion of facts from a recent news article about the topic/solution.
  • Correct spelling, grammar, and formatting, whether it’s APA, MLA, or Chicago/Turabian.
  • See the essay rubric for further details on grading.

Writing tips:

1) Write concisely! More is not necessarily better if the required points from the rubric are missed. A 500-word essay can earn an “A,” while a 700 word essay may lose points for going too long.

2) Essays should be written in the third person perspective. (Avoid using “I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, you, your”).